Agricultural activity: verbs of planting in Tafi

Ghana's national flag
Ghana's national flag

Mercy Bobuafor from the University of Ghana gave a Departmental Research Seminar on Tuesday 23 April which examined the conceptual semantics and the grammar of agricultural activity verbs pertaining to planting in Tafi, a Kwa, Ghana-Togo Mountain language.  It is shown that there is no general verb for planting, rather the domain is covered by five specific verbs:  ?a? ‘sow, plant grain (e.g. maize), tuber cuttings (e.g. yams)’; dzu? ‘plant seedlings (e.g. plantain, cocoa) and cuttings (e.g. cassava)’;  hw? ‘broadcast grains (e.g. rice, maize) and seeds (e.g. tomatoes)’ beli ‘plant by harrowing the seeds in’ (e.g. rice) and fufu?li? ‘sprinkle, hand sow’ (e.g. pepper seeds on a bed). Each of the verbs lexicalises a specific manner and they covertly typologise the different plants that are grown using these actions. It is argued that in this domain, Tafi (unlike English) adopts the strategy of obligatory lexicalisation of manner and or process rather than result. The outcomes of the study contribute to the larger lexicographic documentation of agricultural terms in Tafi and feed into theoretical discussions of manner/result complementarity in the lexical semantics of verbs.